Why sustainable tourism matters, ET TravelWorld

As we move towards a sustainable future, it’s the perfect time to think about how the tourism industry can evolve to meet the growing challenges of sustainability. Tourism plays a massive role in the global economy—accounting for over 10% of the world’s GDP and employing millions. However, this growth often comes at a cost to the environment, local cultures, and communities.Sustainable tourism has emerged as a solution, offering a way for people to travel and explore the world responsibly, without leaving a harmful footprint. The goal is simple: create experiences that preserve the natural beauty and cultural richness of destinations while ensuring that local communities benefit in a meaningful way. Our study titled “Let us take a walk to the sustainable tourism practices: a qualitative study through the lens of tourism experts” conducted with 26 tourism experts from around the world published in Environmental Science and Pollution Research journal, underscores the importance of creating more responsible travel options that not only offer enriching experiences but also preserve the very destinations tourists visit

Tourism’s Double-Edged Sword
Tourism can be a powerful force for good, driving economic growth and fostering cultural exchange. But it can also overwhelm destinations, leading to environmental damage, loss of local culture, and even social inequality.

Emerging markets such as India, Brazil, and China are seeing huge increases in international tourism, and by 2030, over half of all tourists will visit developing economies. This raises a critical question: How do we ensure that these destinations grow without destroying what makes them special?

The Economic Power of Sustainability
Sustainable tourism isn’t just about being green—it’s also about supporting local economies in ways that last. For example, eco-friendly hotels, renewable energy use, and sustainable transportation create jobs and bring income to local communities without straining resources.

Our research shows that financial planning is key to making tourism sustainable. When managed well, tourism can be a long-term investment for local economies, bringing steady income through responsible practices. Tourists, too, are willing to pay more for experiences that prioritize the environment, which can drive new opportunities for businesses that embrace sustainability.

This approach benefits everyone: communities profit from tourism, and destinations retain their natural and cultural appeal for future generations.

Empowering Local Communities
Sustainable tourism also plays a crucial role in protecting and uplifting local communities. Often, tourism can erode local culture, disrupt social structures, and benefit outsiders more than residents. Sustainable practices aim to reverse this trend by ensuring that tourism development includes local voices and creates jobs that benefit the community.

Health and safety are critical in this context. Today’s travellers prioritize their well-being, seeking destinations that focus on cleanliness, safety, and mental well-being. In turn, tourism businesses can enhance local healthcare, provide safe environments, and promote cultural engagement as part of a fulfilling travel experience.

Inclusivity is another crucial part of sustainable tourism. By offering accessible travel options for people with disabilities, seniors, and others, the industry can become a tool for social good. This not only enriches the travel experience for visitors but also enhances the quality of life for local residents.

Protecting the Environment
Perhaps the most pressing aspect of sustainable tourism is environmental conservation. Tourism, when unmanaged, can wreak havoc on ecosystems, from coral reefs to mountain trails. Sustainable tourism practices focus on preserving these natural wonders while still allowing people to enjoy them responsibly.

In our study, green infrastructure was identified as a major factor in sustainable tourism. Eco-friendly accommodations, clean transportation, and renewable energy are critical to reducing tourism’s carbon footprint. For example, eco-hotels that minimize water and energy use, alongside electric transportation, help preserve the environment without sacrificing comfort.

Pollution prevention is another priority. Whether it’s reducing plastic waste, conserving water, or protecting endangered species, sustainable tourism actively works to leave destinations as beautiful and vibrant as they were before travellers arrived.

Some destinations are also taking bold steps to combat overtourism. By promoting off-peak travel or capping visitor numbers, they help protect delicate ecosystems and spread economic benefits more evenly across the year.

A Call to Action
Sustainable tourism is the future of travel. More and more travellers are seeking out destinations that are environmentally conscious and socially responsible. At the same time, businesses and governments are waking up to the fact that sustainability isn’t just good for the planet—it’s good for long-term profits.

For tourism operators and policymakers, the path forward is clear: invest in green infrastructure, protect local cultures, and prioritize the well-being of tourists and residents. Doing so not only helps preserve destinations for future generations but also ensures that tourism continues to be a force for good.

Let us all commit to making sustainable tourism the new normal. The choices we make today will shape the future of travel—and the future of our planet. Sustainable tourism is not just a trend; it’s a necessary step toward creating a more responsible, inclusive, and resilient global travel industry.

The author is the Assistant Professor (Marketing) and Chairperson – Research at Great Lakes Institute of Management, Gurgaon.

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